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6.4 Gas Exchange

NAME _______________________________
Across
an instrument for measuring the volume of air entering and leaving the lungs.
chronic respiratory disease where there is over-inflation of the air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs causing a decrease in lung function and often breathlessness.
when the air moves from a higher pressure (outside the body) to the lower pressure (inside the lungs).
thin-walled, cartilaginous tube descending from the larynx to the bronchi and carrying air to the lungs.
the volume of air passing into and out of the lungs per minute. (2 words, no space)
one of the minute blood vessels that connect arterioles and veins where the interchange of various substances occur.
muscle that opposes the action of another.
volume of air inspired or expired in a single breath during regular breathing.
when the muscles of the thorax contract to cause the volume to decrease, this increases the pressure in the lungs and air moves from the higher pressure inside the lungs to the lower pressure outside the body.
Down
muscles found between the ribs. They are mainly involved in the mechanical aspect of breathing.
the force that causes the molecules on the surface of a liquid to be pushed together and form a layer. (2 words, no space)
one of the cells lining the alveoli (the air sacs) in the lung that assists in gas exchange and in the secretion of pulmonary surfactant.
a substance composed of lipoprotein that is secreted by the alveolar cells of the lung and serves to maintain the stability of pulmonary tissue by reducing the surface tension of fluids that coat the lung.
the two main branches of the trachea that go into the lungs; this then further divides into the bronchioles and alveoli.
a dome-shaped muscular partition separating the thorax from the abdomen. It plays a major role in breathing as its contraction increases the volume of the thorax and so inflates the lungs.
air sac that constitutes the gas exchange surface of the lungs.
any of the fine, thin-walled, tubular extensions of a bronchus.