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Chapter 9 Crossword Challenge

Across
the enzyme that catalyzes the joining of DNA fragments together
the molecular shape of DNA in which two strands of nucleotides wind around each other in a spiral shape
the region of locally unwound DNA that allows for transcription of mRNA
a permanent variation in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
the AUG (or, rarely GUG) on an mRNA from which translation begins; always specifies methionine
one of the three mRNA codons that specifies termination of translation
an enzyme that contains a catalytic part and an inbuilt RNA template; it functions to maintain telomeres at chromosome ends
the strand of DNA that is not used to transcribe mRNA; this strand is identical to the mRNA except that T nucleotides in the DNA are replaced by U nucleotides in the mRNA
the DNA at the end of linear chromosomes
an enzyme that synthesizes a new strand of DNA complementary to a template strand
a form of DNA repair in which non-complementary nucleotides are recognized, excised, and replaced with correct nucleotides
the Y-shaped structure formed during the initiation of replication
Down
a post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism in eukaryotes in which multiple protein products are produced by a single gene through alternative splicing combinations of the RNA transcript
a sequence present in protein-coding mRNA after completion of pre-mRNA splicing
an enzyme that helps to open up the DNA helix during DNA replication by breaking the hydrogen bonds
non–protein-coding intervening sequences that are spliced from mRNA during processing
a molecular group consisting of a central phosphorus atom bound to four oxygen atoms
the amino acids that correspond to three-nucleotide codons of mRNA
the process of removing introns and reconnecting exons in a pre-mRNA
nitrogen-containing molecule that acts as a base; often referring to one of the purine or pyrimidine components of nucleic acids
processes that control whether a gene is expressed
a short stretch of RNA nucleotides that is required to initiate replication and allow DNA polymerase to bind and begin replication
three consecutive nucleotides in mRNA that specify the addition of a specific amino acid or the release of a polypeptide chain during translation