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Chapter 1 PSYC 2103 Terms

Across
(1902-1994), Modified Freud’s theory and extended it through the adult years development of 8 stages to include the concerns of adulthood, instead of Freud’s 5. Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development is like Freud’s where he focuses on the development of emotional life and psychological traits, but Erickson focuses more on social relationships rather than sexual or aggressive instincts.
A reinforcer that, when applied, increases the frequency of a response.
(1978-1958), the founder of American behaviorism, viewed development in terms of learning theory. He generally agreed with Locke that children’s ideas, preferences, and skills are shaped by experience. Watson agrees with nurture in regards to the nature vs nurture debate - the importance of the physical and social environments. (ex:parental training and approval)
studies the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development of humans over time.
Watson’s view that science must study observable behavior only and investigate relationships between stimuli and responses.
The process of providing stimuli following responses that increase the frequency of the responses.
(1904-1990), Influenced by Watson. Skinner introduced the key concept of positive and negative reinforcement in operant conditioning.
Down
The unfolding of genetically determined traits, structures, and functions.
A simple form of learning in which one stimulus comes to bring forth the response usually brought forth by a second stimulus by being paired repeatedly with the second stimulus. (ex: the bell-and-pad method)
A simple form of learning in which an organism learns to engage in behavior that is reinforced.
(1856-1939), Freud’s Theory of Psychosexual Development focused on emotional and social development and on the origins of psychological traits such as dependence, obsessive neatness, and vanity. Five stages of psychosexual development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital.