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Chapter 4 Crossword Puzzle

Across
the concept of energy flow through living systems
a series of enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions of central importance in all living cells that harvests the energy in carbon-carbon bonds of sugar molecules to generate ATP; the citric acid cycle is an aerobic metabolic pathway because it requires oxygen in later reactions to proceed
all the chemical reactions that take place inside cells, including those that use energy and those that release energy
a membrane-embedded protein complex that regenerates ATP from ADP with energy from protons diffusing through it
a mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which the product of a reaction or the final product of a series of sequential reactions inhibits an enzyme for an earlier step in the reaction series
a general mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which a regulatory molecule binds to a site other than the active site and prevents the active site from binding the substrate; thus, the inhibitor molecule does not compete with the substrate for the active site
a molecule that catalyzes a biochemical reaction
the type of energy that refers to the potential to do work
a series of four large, multi-protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that accepts electrons from donor compounds and harvests energy from a series of chemical reactions to generate a hydrogen ion gradient across the membrane
a specific region on the enzyme where the substrate binds
the energy transferred from one system to another that is not work
a general mechanism of enzyme activity regulation in which a molecule other than the enzyme’s substrate is able to bind the active site and prevent the substrate itself from binding, thus inhibiting the overall rate of reaction for the enzyme
Down
the production of ATP by the transfer of electrons down the electron transport chain to create a proton gradient that is used by ATP synthase to add phosphate groups to ADP molecules
the science of the relationships between heat, energy, and work
the cell’s energy currency
the amount of initial energy necessary for reactions to occur
describes the pathway in which complex molecules are broken down into simpler ones, yielding energy as an additional product of the reaction
describes a chemical reaction that results in products that store more chemical potential energy than the reactants