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Chapter 2: Biological Molecules

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Across
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polymers whose sub-units are monosaccharides
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a large molecule made from many similar repeating sub-units joined together in a chain
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consist of a single sugar molecule and dissolve in water easily
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molecules of this substance clump together to form granules, which are visible in liver cells and muscle cells, where they form an energy reserve
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all have a central carbon atom which is bonded to an amine group and a carboxylic acid group
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formed by two monosaccharides joined together
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always contain carbon and hydrogen
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the process which joins two monosaccharides by the removal of a water molecule
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the process which breaks down disaccharides and saccharides by the addition of a water molecule
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a mixture of two substances- amylose and amylopectin
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the sub-units of polymers
Down
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a C-O-C link between two monosaccharide molecules, formed by a condensation reaction
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the most abundant organic molecule on the planet, due to its presence in plant cell walls and its slow rate of breakdown in nature
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proteins whose molecules curl up into a ball shape and are soluble in water
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a lipid molecule consisting of glycerol and three fatty acid groups
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A relatively weak bond formed by the attraction between a group with a small positive charge on a hydrogen atom and another group carrying a small negative charge
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‘giant molecule’, includes polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids
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a lipid molecule consisting of two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic head containing a phosphate group
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proteins that are insoluble in water and most have structural roles
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organic molecules which are insoluble in water fall under this category, the most common examples are fats and oils