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Chapter 4 and 5 Terminology

Across
the probability of a gene or trait being expressed
When single genes have effect in more than one tissue or organ. A disease with this effect is Cystic Fibrosis.
The study of changes in organisms caused by modification of gene expression rather than alteration of the genetic code itself.
Single-gene trait is one in which the expression is determined by the input of the two alleles (one from each parent) of a single gene
Rules that help explain how traits can be inherited from remote ancestors as well as more directly from our parents
Variation in phenotypic expression when an allele is expressed
Example of a single gene disorder that causes extra digits.
A person who has one mutated allele for a recessive genetic disorder
Gene variants that increase a person’s risk for developing the phenotype
Down
A sex linked recessive disorder that affects the blood.
Broader term, referring to heritable changes in the ways that genes are expressed,
How a trait is inherited or passed from one human generation to the next
The addition of a chemical tag to the cytosine base in the DNA sequence itself and turns off expression of the gene or genes
Do not apply to traits or structures that involve the input of more than one gene
Genes that contribute to the phenotype but are not the primary cause of its expression
When an allele has no responding (balancing) allele on the Y chromosome, any X-linked allele in a male is expressed as if it were a dominant allele,
A pictorial or graphic illustration of family members’ places within a kindred and their history for a specific trait or health problem over several generations