Clause that was used in McCulloch v. Maryland to justify the creation of a federal bank being constitutional
Leadership position in both houses whose job is to ensure the party members vote along party lines, communication link between leadership and rank and file representatives
This is a type of legislation where an elected official gets money for projects/policy in their state/district
The process of trading votes for legislation; if you vote for this bill, I'll vote for that bill
Powers that Congress has that are not explicitly stated in the Constitution
Clause that states that the national law is the highest in the country, when a state law conflicts with a national law, the national law wins
Powers that belong to both the states and the national govt.
Group who supported the ratification of the Constitution
This amendment increased the power of the national govt., guaranteed equal protection and due process for all citizens
Two constitutionally recognized levels of govt. that have their own powers and share other powers
Most powerful person in the House of Representatives
This essay argues that the Constitution creates a federal govt. that is too strong and the country is too big and diverse for this govt. to work
Ruling in this case declared the Gun Free School Zone Act unconstitutional as it violated the reserved powers of the states and was an improper use of the Commerce Clause
Anti-Federalist's needed this to be included to ratify the Constitution
Ruling in this case stated that SCOTUS has the right to review redistricting/gerrymandering cases; est. the principle of one man, one vote
Madison warned against the dangers of these in Federalist No. 10; argues a republic controls the impact of these
Powers that belong solely to the states