Attorneys' ____ product is protected from disclosure in discovery.
An _______ will generally contain a statement to the effect that "Defendant denies each and every allegation, statement, matter, and thing contained in the complaint, except as expressly admitted herein."
If the defendant does not have sufficient knowledge on which to form a belief concerning an allegation in the complaint, they may ____ _____ in the answer their lack of knowledge, which has the same effect as a denial.
A discovery method, a _____ for production of documents is a written request to a party to provide access to specified documents at a specified time and place.
A counterclaim must be served with the _______.
A discovery method, written questions to another party in a civil action. They must be answered under oath.
A defendant has 21 days after service of the summons and complaint to appear and defend against the plaintiff's action.
A defendant must admit all allegations that they know are ____.
Pursuant to FRCP 8(a), the complaint shall contain a short and plain statement of the _______ showing that the pleader is entitled to relief.
The plaintiff must serve the defendant with the summons and _______ within 90 days of filing them in court.
Amendments to a complaint ______ ______ to the date of the original filing.
A defendant's counterclaim against the plaintiff is ______ when it arises from the same transaction or occurrence as the plaintiff's claim, meaning it must be asserted in the plaintiff's action or it is waived.
Under FRCP 11, the attorney's __________ on a pleading or motion constitutes the attorney's certification to the court that the document is not being filed for any improper purpose, that the attorney has made due inquiry into the claims or defenses contained therein, that the claims or defenses are warranted by law, and that there is evidence to support them.
A defendant may bring a _____-party action against someone who is not yet a party to a lawsuit in order to seek indemnification or contribution.
A _________ complaint is one that alleges a new, additional claim that arose from a transaction or occurrence that took place after the initial complaint was filed.
If parties do not agree to an extension of time, the party wishing for one must make a _______ to the court for an extension.
A _________ appears in a case by filing an answer or an appropriate motion.
Federal courts have authority to _________ cases for trial whenever cases involve common questions of law or common questions of fact.
A party who opposes an amendment must show that they are ________ by the amendment, or that their ability to defend against the new allegation was in some way impaired by the delay.
A Rule 23 motion is motion for certification of a _______ action.
If a defendant fails to appear by serving an appropriate motion or by answering a complaint, the plaintiff may move for a ______ judgment.
A complaint must identify specifically any items of _______ damages, or out-of-pocket expenses that a party has incurred because of another party's wrongdoing.