In asexual reproduction, the steps a cell undertakes to duplicate and divide a complete set of chromosomes.
A compound that supplies energy to plant cells as part of the Kreb's cycle of respiration.
A plant pigment that reflects yellow, orange, and red light and assists in capturing light energy.
The process in which a single cell divides to form two daughter cells and the cell plate is formed.
The relationship where one allele is only expressed when the second, dominant allele is not present.
One of a number of variant forms of the same gene.
The process in which water is pulled upward from the roots through xylem cells and released into the air in a gaseous state.
The process by which plants capture energy from the sun to convert simple molecules of carbon dioxide and water into complex carbohydrate molecules that can be used by plants and animals as sources of energy and building blocks for other molecules.
The aqueous space outside the stacks of thylakoids.
A stack of thylakoid disks found within the chloroplast.
A cell that contains two complete sets of chromosomes.
The process in which glucose combines with oxygen to produce energy in a form that can be used by plants.
The movement of sugars within the plant.
The process of sexual reproduction of cells that includes nuclear division and in which the cell's chromosomes are divided in half.
A cell that contains a single set of chromosomes from one parent.
The genetic makeup of an organism, often in reference to a particular trait.
A naturally occurring genetic change that affects the appearance and functions of a plant.
A filament-like structure that contains DNA and proteins that makes up chromosomes.