Flexor reflex uses an ________________,(simulus & response on same side) whereas crossed extension reflex uses a contralateral reflex arc(input & output are on opposite sides)
Knee-jerk(patellar) reflex is a ____________ reflex
-One synapse between the afferent & efferent neurons
Stretch reflex-when a muscle is stretched, it "fights back" & contracts
Stretch receptors embedded in skeletal muscles
5. At the same time, a branch of the afferent nerve fiber stimulate inhibitory motor neuron in spinal cord.
6. That neuron inhibits alpha motor neuron that supplies hamstring muscles.
7. Hamstring contraction is inhibited so hamstrings (knee flexors) do not antagonize quadriceps (knee extensor).
Helps maintain equilibrium & posture
Ex. when head starts to tip forward as you fall asleep the muscles contract to raise the head
Contraction of extensor muscles in limb opposite of the one that is withdrawn
-Maintains balance by extending other leg
Reflex phenomenon that prevents muscles from working against each other by inhibiting antagonist when agonist is excited
Stretch reflex ____________ joints by balancing tension in extensors & flexors, smoothing muscle actions
Specialized sense organs to monitor position & movement of body parts
Muscle spindles enables brain to send motor ___________ back to the muscles that control coordinated movement, corrective reflexes, muscle tone, and posture.
Down
Pathway in which signals travel over many synapses on their way to the muscles
1. Tap on patellar ligament excites nerve endings of muscle spindle in quadriceps femoris.
2.Stretch signals travel to spinal cord via primary afferent fiber and dorsal root.
3.Primary afferent neurons stimulates alpha motor neuron in spinal cord.
4.Efferent signals in alpha motor nerve fiber stimulate quadriceps to contract, producing knee jerk.
The quick contraction of flexor muscles resulting in the withdrawal of a limb from an injurious stimulus.
-Triggers contraction of the flexors & relaxation of the extensors in that limb
Muscle spindles ________ the brain of muscle length & body movement.
Stretch reflex can be more pronounced if muscle is suddenly stretched by a ______________ (knee jerk)
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