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DNA REPLICATION

A study guide
Across
Adenine and guanine are "blank" bases
some DNA polymerases also have a "blank" ability; they can remove nucleotides from the end of a growing strand in order to correct mismatched bases
block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and one or more phosphate groups
A weak chemical bond used to hold complementary base pairs together
Enzyme involved in DNA replication that joins individual nucleotides to produce a DNA molecule; functions to proofread base pairing
DNA molecule then serves as a template for the production of its counterpart, a process referred to as "blank" replication; one strand is original and one strand is new
These nucleotides form "blank" bonds, creating the phosphate-deoxyribose backbone of the DNA double helix with the nucleobases pointing inward
cytosine and thymine are "blank" bases
Enzyme that adds RNA primers to the template strands
"blank" Fragments are short sequences of DNA nucleotides which are synthesized discontinuously and later linked together by the enzyme DNA ligase
Down
DNA "Blank" refers to the over- or under-winding of a DNA strand, and is an expression of the strain on that strand
A protein that functions in DNA replication, helping to relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork; participate in the overwinding or underwinding of DNA; If left unabated, this torsion would occur
highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes; They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and playing a role in gene regulation
DNA replication occurs during the S-stage of "blank"
The "blank" strand is extended discontinuously from each primer forming fragments
A Y-shaped region on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing; two words
DNA is made up of a double helix of two "blank" strands
In a cell, DNA replication begins at specific locations, or an "blank" of replication, in the genome
The "blank" strand is continuously extended from the primer by a DNA polymerase with no breaks in processing
"Blank" prime end; The phosphate end of a nucleic acid. Bases cannot be added to this end.
An enzyme that unwinds the double helix of DNA and separates the DNA strands in preparation for DNA replication