In this type of GI regulation: A stimulus causes release of hormone into the interstitial fluid activating cells adjacent (or nearby) to the stimulus.
released from Brain neurons release ________ as neurotransmitters and neuromodulators.
Aspect of digestion that includes the muscular contractions that mix and move forward the contents within the digestive tract.
The inner epithelial layer, it contains exocrine glands, epithelial cells for secretion.
Pacemaker cells of the myeteric plexus.
The sparse layer of smooth muscle that lays adjacent to the submucosa.
GI motility that mixes food for digestion in the small and large intestine.
GI motility dealing with the propulsion of contents through the: Esophagus, stomach, and intestine.
The thick layer of connective tissue that provides distensibility and elasticity.
This includes both submucosal and myenteric plexuses.
Blood flow of the digestive tract.
Does NOT enter systemic circulation but 1st travels to the liver.
Is self excitable with slow-wave potentials .
In this type of GI regulation: A stimulus causes release of hormones into the bloodstream that generate and coordinating events in target tissues.
GI motility that divides regions of the digestive tract with sphincters.
Food too large to fit cannot exit and is returned to proximal stomach by this process.
Aspect of digestion that produces both exocrine and endocrine __________.
Down
The outer conncetive tissue layer covering the digestive tract that is continuous with the mesentery and secretes a slippery serosal fluid, to provide lubrication for the digestive tract, and prevents friction between the digestive organs and the surrounding viscera.
Motility pattern is characterized by strong peristaltic contractions from the distal stomach through the ileum.
Is ideal for long-term contractions withough fatigue, consumes less ATP when generating cross bridges, producing movement to propel contents through and organ.
The thin middle layer of connective tissue that houses the gut-associated immune cells.
The major smooth-muscle (2-layers) that surrounds the digestive tube, surrounds the submucosa.
Cells that secrete HCl acid in the stomach.
Food is propelled forward through stomach by peristalsis and leaves the stomach through this.
In this type of GI regulation: Release of hormone that self-activate in the absence of a stimulus.
Physical movement associated with the breakdown of food.
In this type of GI regulation: Nerves can release neurotransmitters and substances to regulate tissue behavior .
The name of the nervous system for the digestive tract.
Branches of both sympathetic and parasympathetic systems that influence the digestive tract function.
Cells that secrete pepsinogen.
The structural breaking down of carbohydrates, protein, and fats before they are able to be absorbed into the blood or lymph.
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