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RNA, DNA and Protein Synthesis

Name:________________________
Class: ___________ Date: ________
Across
______ genes code for transcription factors that activate other genes that are important in cell development and differentiation.
When RNA is edited, portions that are cut out and discarded are called _____.
Watson and ________ built a model that explained the specific structure and properties of DNA.
In DNA, Adenine always pairs with ______.
The nearly perfect fit between A-T and G-C nucleotides is known as base ______.
Each tRNA _________ is complementary to one mRNA codon. CYTOSINE - In DNA guanine always pairs with ______.
RNA contains ____ in place of thymine.
______ is a condition in which an organism has an extra sets of chromosomes.
In _______ segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules.
The decoding of mRNA into a protein is a process known as ______.
DNA is a ______ acid.
A process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria.
After editing mRNA, the remaining pieces are known as ____.
The _____ operon in E. Coli bacteria contains gene for transporting and digesting lactose.
Because each strand of DNA can be used to make the other strand, the strands are said to be _______.
The sugar in RNA is ____ instead of deoxyribose.
DNA that makes up genes must be capable of storing, copying and _______ the genetic information of a cell.
DNA has four kinds of nitrogenous _____.
Before a cell divides, it duplicates its DNA in a copying process called _____.
The double-______ model explains Chargaff's rule of base pairing and how two strands of DNA are held together.
Insertions and deletions are also called _______ mutations.
_____ are chemical or physical agents in the environment that may cause a mutation.
______ RNA carries information from DNA to other parts of the cell.
Each tRNA _________ is complementary to one mRNA codon.
Down
For replication to begin, the two strands of DNA must first _____.
The _____ gene is a group of genes that determine head to tail identity of body parts in animals.
Replication in most prokaryotic cells starts at _____ point and proceeds in two directions until the entire chromosome is copied.
RNA polymerase binds to a _____, a region of a gene where transcription begins.
Following the "_____" codon, mRNA is read three bases at a time, until it reaches a "stop" codon.
Gene mutations that involve changes in one or a few nucleotides are known as ________ mutations.
A _____ consists of three consecutive bases that specify a single amino acid to be added to a polypeptide chain.
_____ are inheritable changes in genetic information.
_____ RNA combines with proteins to form ribosomes.
A kind of virus that infects bacteria.
Nucleic acid is made up of _________ joined into long strands or chains by covalent bonds.
DNA ______ is an enzyme that joins individual nucleotides to produce a new strand of DNA.
The tips of eukaryotic chromosomes are known as ______.
______ RNA carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis.
RNA is _____ stranded.
A _____ is a group of genes that are regulated together.
Nucleotides are made of _____ basic components.
_____ expression is the way in which DNA, RNA and proteins are involved in putting genetic information into action in living cells.