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Chapter 6 Integument

Across
Thin, pale layer found only in thick skin.
The portion above the skin surface
Upward, finger-like extensions of dermis
The fact that the epidermis lack bloods cells and depend on diffusion of nutrients from underlying connective tissue
The remainder of the hair in the follicle
Most significant factor in skin color. Produced by melanocytes, accumulates in keratinocytes. People of different skin colors have the same number of melanocytes.
Glands that produce mild during pregnancy and lactation Modified apocrine sweat glands Rich secretion released through ducts opening at nipple
(Eccrine)The sweat gland that is most numerous in the skin glands. Especially dense on palms, soles, forehead Watery perspiration>>> thermoregulation
Three to five layers of flat keratinocytes. Cells contain keratohyalin granules. These granules bundle keratin filaments into tough bundles.
Slender filament of keratinized cells growing from a tube in the skin called a hair follicle.
Sweat glands
Sweat gland located in the groin, anal region, and axilla Inactive until puberty Ducts lead to nearby hair follicles Produce sweat that is milky and contains fatty acids
Connective tissue layer below dermis Subcutaneous tissue Mostly areolar and adipose tissue pads body and binds skin to underlying tissues Energy Reservoir Thermal insulation
Undifferentiated cells that undergo mitosis and give rise to keratinocytes in the stratum basale.
The gland that have short ducts opening into hair follicles holocrine secretion
Sensory nerve fibers entwining follicles
Swelling at the base where hair originates in dermis or hypodermis>>> only location of live hair cells
Down
Macrophages that guard against pathogens. These cells are found in the stratum spinosum and granulsom.
Several layers of keratinocytes joined together by desmosomes and tight junctions. Also contains some dendritic cells.
Synthesizes pigment melanin that shields DNA from ultraviolet radiation. Located in the stratum basale.
Oily secretion of sebaceous glands keeps skin and hair from becoming dry, brittle, and cracked
Yellow pigment acquired from egg yolks and yellow/orange vegetables Concetrates in stratum corneum and subcutaneous fat.
Tough receptor cells in the stratum basale.
Most epidermal cells,found in all layers that synthesize keratin.
Glands located in the external ear canal. secretion combines with sebum and dead epithelial cells to form cerumen Keeps eardrum pliable, waterproofs the canal, kills bacteria, help block outside particles from entering ear
The deepest epidermal layer that contains a single layer of stem cells and keratinocytes resting on the basement membrane. The stem cells divide and give rise to keratinocytes that migrate toward skin surface to replace lost cells. Also contains a few melanocytes and tactile cells.
Deeper connective tissue layer varies in thickness composed mainly of collagen fibers well supplied with blood vessels, cutaneous glands(sweat and sebaceous), nerve endings hair follicles and nail roots are embedded in it has a wavy, distinct border with the epidermis
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium that includes dead cells at skin surface packed with tough keratin protein. In addition they contain sparse nerve endings for touch and pain.
Pigment in red blood cells. Adds reddish to pinkish hue to skin.
Deeper and thicker dermal layer consists of dense, irregular connective tissue
Ear wax