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Basic Neuroscience Terminology

by Scott
Across
A neurotransmitter used in the brain's reward circuit; signals a positive benefit.
Photoreceptor cell in the retina that functions in low light.
Part of the frontal cortex that sends messeges to the spinal cord for movement control.
Posterior part of spinal cord, gray matter where axons from sensory neurons enter and make their first synapses.
The place where one neuron connects to another.
This structure helps control movement, balance and muscle coordination. (dorsal to brainstem)
The part of the central nervous system connecting the brain to the spinal cord.
Oldest part of the cerebral cortex responsible for declarative memory.
An excited neuron is a _________ neuron.
A chemical, released by nerve terminals at a synapse.
Large division of the cerebral cortex.
A nerve cell is also called this.
Ridges or bumps of folded cortex.
Tree like extension of the neuronal cell body; receives chemical neurotransmitter signals.
Part of the brain involved in processing the memory of emotional reactions.
An electrical signal that travels along the axon, away from the cell body. ____________ potential.
Twelve pairs of nerves that arise from each side of the brainstem numbered 1-12.
The process of shortening or reducing number of neuronal synapses.
The three layers around the brain and spinal cord are called these.
Down
Outgoing information or neuronal connection, meaning going away from or out of the CNS.
Optic _________; optic nerves from the right and left eyes come together.
Areas of the brain, made up of neuronal cell bodies without myelin. _______- matter.
The largest and most complex part of the mammalian central nervous system. (executive function)
Tough, leathery outermost layer of the membranes surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord.
Part of the brain that processes appetite, thirst, hormone regulation and diurnal rhythms.
Type of memory used when recalling facts or experiences, as opposed to skills.
A neuron that carries information between sensory and motor neurons.
Each half of the brain is called a ______________.
This part of then cortex involved in decision making, evaluating and directing behaviors.
Regarding the three meninges (coverings) of the brain, this is the middle layer.
Part of the cortex responsible for vision and face recognition.
Corpus _____________. Links the right and left sides of the brain.
Fatty material that surrounds axons; insulator.
A group or collection of neuronal cell bodies.
Another term for the nervous cell body.
Abbreviation for central nervous system.
Sets of neurons connected in a pathway that perform a function. Carries information from one point of the brain to another.
The neuronal process that sends the signal or message away from the cell body.