An epidemiological study that aims to answer tow or more separate research questions in a single cohort of participants ia a _________ design.
In placebo-controlled studies using the ____-in design, all participants in the cohort are placed on a placebo and followed for some period of time (usually a week or two) prior to random assignment.
A Type I error occurs when the null hypothesis is __________, but the null hypothesis is true.
An inactive substance or treatment given to satisfy a patient's expectation of treatment.
Occurs when the exposure or the status of the health-related state or event is inaccurately assigned.
__________ is the guiding principal for research that means 'action taken for the benefit of others.'
A web of causation plays a more useful role when one is trying to describe etiology for a _______ disease compared to an acute disease.
In epidemiologic research, ______ bias is "caused by differences in the accuracy or completeness of the recollections retrieved by study participants regarding events or experiences from the past."
In a _______--blinded study neither the participants nor the assessing investigator(s) know who is receiving the active treatment.
Weaknesses of this type of study include the comparatively great amount of time and money often required and the lack of feasibility with rare outcomes.
Down
Systematic error in the collection or interpretation of epidemiologic data.
The _________ risk (AR) is the difference between the incidence rates in the exposed and non-exposed groups.
If data on a confounding factor are collected at the design level of the study, __________ is a method that can be used during the analysis level of the study to eliminate the association between a confounder and exposure within strata.
________ means limiting subjects in a study to those with certain traits, such as those in the age range 20-29, to improve feasibility of a study and limit confounding.
________ has been shown in several experimental studies to reduce the risk for a second heart attack and certain types of strode --- mainly by preventing blood clot formation.
A method used to ensure that two study groups are similar with regard to an extrinsic factor that might distort or confound a relationship between the exposure and outcome being studied.
A _________ case-control study is a variation of a case-control study in which only a subset of cases and non-cases are selected and their exposure statuses are compared.
The healthy worker effect occurs when workers represent the _________ group.
One example of the guiding principal '___________ for persons' for research involving human participants is to obtain informed consent from participants.
A group of subjects who share a defining characteristic, such as birth year or graduation year, e.g., a common event in a selected time period.
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