this clause was used to justify the ruling in McCulloch v. Maryland that the tax Maryland places on the national bank was unconstitutional
the policy-making relationship between congressional committees, the bureaucracy, and interest groups
Amendment that requires the a warrant before search and seizure of person or private property
power of the Supreme Court to declare laws or actions of the legislative branch or executive branch unconstitutional
This Federalist essay argues that the president should be energetic and decisive
heads of the 15 executive departments that advise the president
clause that states ALL citizens of the right to equal protection of the law regardless of gender, race, age, religion, sexuality etc.
the power of Congress to review, monitor, and supervise the actions of the president, the executive branch and its various agencies
Powerful committee found only in the House of Reps, determines which bills will be heard by the entire House of Reps and the rules for debate of those bills
Amendment that allows those charged with a crime to hear witnesses against them, call their own witnesses, and the right to an attorney if they cannot afford one
Reliance on past decisions or precedents to formulate decisions in new cases
the power of the president to make decisions without approval of Congress
Event that demonstrated the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation including weak central govt with no army or way to raise money
this amendment protects the individuals right to bear arms
Federalist essay that argues that judicial review is an important power of the judicial branch that prevents abuses of powers by the executive and legislative branch
type of committee that exists to reconcile differences between different bills passed by the Senate and the House