Also known as ADH, allows continued reabsorption of water in the distal segments of the nephron.
Inner layer of the kidney, where renal pyramids are found.
The reabsorbed substance must go through _____ transport which includes five layers: (1) luminal membrane of the tubular cell, (2) cytosol of the tubular cell, and (3) basolateral membrane of the tubular cell, to reach the: (4) interstitial fluid, and (5) capillary wall, to enter blood plasma.
Mechanism with which the smooth muscle of the afferent arteriole automatically contracts when stretched by increases in blood flow or dilates in response to decreases in blood flow
Hormone that stimulates Na+ re-absorption in the distal and collecting tubules, also controls K+ secretion.
combined vascular/tubular component where the afferent arteriole and distal tubule come in direct contact with each other
Outer layer of the kidney
functional unit of the kidney
Part of the loop of Henle that actively transports NaCl out of the tubular lumen into the surrounding interstitial fluid, and (2) is completely water impermeable
Cells targed by Aldosterone in the wall of the distal and collecting tublules to increase Na+ reabsoprtion by inserting more leak channels.
maximum reabsorption rate of the transport carriers in the kidney tubules
Down
enzyme important in salt conservation
volume of plasma cleared of a particular substance per minute
Water balance, osmolarity balance, regulate ECF ions, Maintain plasma volume, Acid-base balance, excrete metabolic wastes, excrete foreign compounds, produce EPO, produce renin, Convert Vitamin D precursor to active molecule
cells that encircle the glomerular capillary tuft, function to help control permeability.
cells that function in acid-base homeostasis) in the distal nephron transport either H+ or K+
Specialized epithelial cells of the distal tubule that physically contact the afferent and efferent arteriole
a secondary route for the elimination of unwanted materials.
essential materials are brought back into the plasma by tubular _____
Part of the loop of Henle that is highly permeable to water, and does not reabsorb Na+.
protein-free plasma filters through the glomerular capillaries into _____ _____
mechanism involves the specialized combination of tubular and vascular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus
The most important hormone system regulating Na+
Increase in these levels leads to the insertion of aquaporin channels (AQP-2) into the luminal membrand due to the action of ADH.
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