enzyme that functions to separate the two DNA strands of a double helix during DNA replication
condition marked by the presence of a double complement of genetic material (two sets of chromosomes, one
set inherited from each of two parents)
small, self-replicating organelle that provides the origin for microtubule growth and moves DNA during cell
division
clear, semi-fluid medium of the cytoplasm, made up mostly of water
life cycle of a single cell, from its birth until its division into two new daughter cells
cellular organelle that consists of interconnected membrane-bound tubules, which may
or may not be associated with ribosomes (rough type or smooth type, respectively)
export of a substance out of a cell by formation of a membrane-bound vesicle
the thickest of the cytoskeletal filaments, composed of tubulin subunits that function in cellular movement
and structural support
family of proteins that associate with DNA in the nucleus to form chromatin
region of attachment for two sister chromatids
process of producing an mRNA molecule that is complementary to a particular gene of DNA
consecutive sequence of three nucleotides on a DNA molecule that, when transcribed into an mRNA codon,
corresponds to a particular amino acid
endocytosis of large particles
second stage of mitosis (and meiosis), characterized by the linear alignment of sister chromatids in the
center of the cell
movement of a substance from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration
entire life cycle of a cell, excluding mitosis
any of several different types of membrane-enclosed specialized structures in the cell that perform specific