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Pharmacological Principles

Across
The barrier system that restricts the passage of various chemicals and microscopic entities between the bloodstream and the central nervous system but allows for the passage of essential substances such as oxygen.
Alteration of the pharmacological or pharmacokinetic activity of a given drug caused by the presence of one or more additional drugs; it is usually related to effects on the enzymes required for metabolism of the involved drugs.
Any unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a medication given at therapeutic dosages.
Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs is less than the sum of the individual effects of the same drugs given alone; usually caused by an antagonizing effect of one drug on another.
Drug interactions in which the effect of a combination of two or more drugs with similar actions, administered at the same time, is the action of one plus the action of the other, with the total effect of both drugs being given.
The physiological reactions of a body to a drug. They can be therapeutic or toxic and describe how the body is affected as a whole by the drug.
A general term for any undesirable effects that are a direct response to one or more drugs.
An immunologic hypersensitivity reaction resulting from the unusual sensitivity of a patient to a particular medication; a type of adverse drug event.
The process by which solid forms of drugs disintegrate in the gastrointestinal tract and become soluble before they are absorbed into the circulation.
The development of congenital anomalies or defects in the developing fetus that are caused by toxic effects of drugs.
The name given to a drug approved by Health Canada; also called the nonproprietary name or the official name.
Protein molecules that catalyze one or more of a variety of biochemical reactions, including those related to the body's physiological processes as well as those related to drug metabolism.
Down
A measure of the fraction of drug administered dose that is delivered unchanged to the systemic circulation (from 0% to 100%).
Drugs that bind to and inhibit the activity of one or more receptors in the body. Also called inhibitors.
One or more biochemical reactions involving a parent drug.
The processes involved in the interaction between a drug and body cells; also referred to as mechanisms of action.
Any undesirable occurrence related to administering or failing to administer a prescribed medication.
The name that describes the chemical composition and molecular structure of a drug.
Drugs that bind to and stimulate the activity of one or more receptors in the body.
A state in which there is a compulsive or chronic need, as for a drug.
Any chemical that affects the physiological processes of a living organism.