1
To gently mix ingredients with a spoon, whisk, or rubber spatula until evenly distributed and blended
2
Contains more liquid, fat, and sugar than a dough; used to make softer, moister products
4
Gently incorporating wet ingredients into dry ingredients
5
The stage in which one drop of cooked sugar, when dropped in ice water, separates into a hard, but not brittle, thread
7
An elastic network of proteins created when wheat flour is moistened and manipulated
9
To incorporate solid fat into dry ingredients only until lumps of the desired size remain
11
A general term for butter, margarine, lard, shortening, and oil
12
Flavoring oils mixed into water with the aid of emulsifiers
13
The stage in which one drop of cooked sugar, when dropped in ice water, separates into a hard, brittle sheet
14
AKA confectioner's sugar; made by grinding granulated sugar crystals through varying degrees of fine screens
16
Describes food that readily absorbs moisture from the air
18
A type of solid, white flavorless fat which shortens gluten strands and tenderizes baked products
19
A refined sugar obtained from both sugarcane and sugar beet
20
To beat vigorously to incorporate air using a whisk or electric mixer
24
A thickener produced from the tropical cassava plant and found in the form of flour or pearls
26
Refined sugar cane with some of the molasses returned to it
28
Mixtures of flavoring or essential oils and ethyl alcohol
29
Vigorously combining fat and sugar while incorporating air
30
When a cooked sugar is heated to 338 degrees and the liquid turns dark brown in the pan
33
The stage in which one drop of cooked sugar, when dropped in ice water, forms a firm ball
34
To vigorously agitate food to incorporate air or develop gluten
37
Made from portk fat; almost 100% pure fat with only a small amount of water