he central or innermost portion of the Earth, lying below the mantle and probably consisting of iron and nickel.
the process or result of oxidizing or being oxidized.
a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted.
the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or land mass.
the erosion or disintegration of rocks, building materials, etc., caused by chemical reactions (chiefly with water and substances dissolved in it) rather than by mechanical processes.
the action of the weather conditions in altering the color, texture, composition, or form of exposed objects specifically
this refers to the slow precipitation of crystals from a solution of a substance
a theory in geology: the lithosphere of the earth is divided into a small number of plates which float on and travel independently over the mantle and much of the earth's seismic activity occurs at the boundaries of these plates.
the process in which sediments compact under pressure, expel connate fluids, and gradually become solid rock.
an idealized cycle of processes undergone by rocks in the earth's crust, involving igneous intrusion, uplift, erosion, transportation, deposition as sedimentary rock, metamorphism, remelting, and further igneous intrusion.
separation of successive thin shells, or spalls, from massive rock such as granite or basalt; it is common in regions that have moderate rainfall
the sliding down of a mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff.
the organic component of soil, formed by the decomposition of leaves and other plant material by soil microorganisms.