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Respiratory Disease

Across
Over-production of ______by inflammatory cells contributes to the pathogenesis of emphysema (9).
Hair-like projections on bronchial epithelial cells required to move mucus and clear trapped bacteria (5).
Bluish appearance due to lack of oxygen-carrying by hemoglobin in the blood of patients with chronic bronchitis (8).
_______ affecting bones is a possible complication of chronic lung disease (12).
Clinically (colloquially), patients with chronic bronchitis are termed....? (4,8).
Pulmonary hypertension often results as a consequence of hypoxic pulmonary …..? (16).
Chronic bronchitis will trigger the kidneys to release more erythropoietin (EPO), resulting in the formation of more red ______ cells, and increasing the risk of hyper-coagulability (5).
High levels of carbonic acid in blood due to a lung disease (11,8)
Emphysema is classified as an obstructive disease due to loss of....? (6,8).
A lung disease characterised by an inability to efficiently inhale air into the lungs (11).
If left untreated, chronic bronchitis, emphysema (or most commonly both) can lead to _____(1,1,1,1).
Destruction of tissue in emphysema leads to a significant loss in usable tissue_________ available for gas exchange in lungs (7,4).
Chronic bronchitics have an increased susceptibility to ______ due to hyper-production and non-clearance of mucus (9).
A high concentration of carbon dioxide present in the blood (11).
Clinically (colloquially), patients with emphysema are termed....? (4,7).
Down
A significant severe complication of untreated pneumonia, characterised by formation of hyaline membranes and fibrosis (1,1,1,1).
Possible consequence of chronic bronchitis due to metaplasia, inflammation and DNA damage (4,6).
A very common aetiological agent that leads to bronchitis and emphysema (7).
A general term for any difficulty in breathing, usually always a complication of lung diseases (8).
Destruction of these tissues' walls is the hallmark of emphysema (7).
A restrictive, purely genetic disease, characterised by presence of very thick secretions (mucus) in many organs (6,8).
Cells located within the bronchial epithelium that undergo hyperplasia and hypertrophy in chronic bronchitis and secrete excessive mucus (6,5)
Structures located below the bronchial epithelium that undergo hyperplasia and hypertrophy in chronic bronchitis and secrete excessive mucus (3-7,6)
Alpha1-antitrypsin is a critical protective_____ against the development of emphysema (4-9).
In restrictive lung diseases, the FEV1:FVC ratio (or FEV1%) is usually...? (6)
Right-sided heart failure caused by a primary lung disease (3,9).
A lung disease characterised by an inability to efficiently exhale air out of the lungs (11).
Fluid produced by Type 2 pneumocytes to assist with gas-exchange in alveoli (10).
A restrictive lung disease usually caused by infection and characterised by significant exudate production (9).