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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Across
a type of drug that increases the metabolic activity of an enzyme either by binding to the enzyme and activating it, or by increasing the expression of the gene coding for the enzyme.
Per os
a cotransporter and integral membrane protein involved in secondary active transport of two or more different molecules or ions across a phospholipid membrane such as the plasma membrane in the same directions.
a phenomenon of drug metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation
the study of how genes affect a person’s response to drugs.
the circulation of biliary acids, bilirubin, drugs or other substances from the liver to the bile, followed by entry into the small intestine, absorption by the enterocyte and transport back to the liver.
Oxidation, reduction, hydrolytic reactions and the activities of cytochromes
Preventing or reducing the binding or action of a receptor ligand
a substance that initiates a physiological response when combined with a receptor.
The fraction of drug absorbed into the systemic circulation after extravascular administration 
linear pharmacokinetics; steady-state serum drug concentrations change proportionally with long-term daily dosing (most common pharmacokinetic model)
Down
the time required for serum concentrations to decrease by one-half after absorption and distribution are complete
Conjugation of initially metabolized drugs to enhance elimination
a generic name for the group of enzymes that are responsible for most drug metabolism oxidation reactions
Primary organ of drug metabolism
pharmacologically inactive drugs that are metabolized to an active state
the discipline that describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) of drugs in patients requiring drug therapy; what the body does to a drug
a proportionality constant that relates the amount of drug in the body to the serum concentration
nonlinear pharmacokinetics; steady-state serum drug concentrations do not change proportionally with dosing; changes may be more or less than expected
A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it
what a drug does to the body; the study of the biochemical, physiologic, and molecular effects of drugs on the body and involves receptor binding (including receptor sensitivity), postreceptor effects, and chemical interactions
the expected in vivo biological equivalence of two proprietary preparations of a drug
Primary organ of drug elimination
the build-up of a higher concentration of a chemical across a cell membrane due to the pKa value of the chemical and difference of pH across the cell membrane.
a type of drug that decreases the metabolic activity of an enzyme either by binding to the enzyme and deactivating it, or by decreasing the expression of the gene coding for the enzyme.