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Genetics Crossword Review and Bonus Word List

Across
found in the nucleus of most living cells and carries genetic information in form of genes.
a chart of the genetic history of a family over several generations. Doctors use this chart to show how genetic disorders are inherited in a family. They can use this to work out the probability (chance) that someone in a family will inherit a condition.
an Austrian monk, known as the “father of modern genetics.” He discovered the basic principles of heredity through experiments with pea plants in his garden.
an organism's reproductive/sex cells, also known as sperm and egg. Contains only a single (haploid) set of chromosomes.
a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions.
Occurs if both parents are unaffected and an offspring is affected. If both parents show a trait, all offspring must also exhibit the trait.
a particular gene that has two identical alleles on both homologous chromosomes. It is referred to by two capital letters (XX) for a dominant trait, and two lowercase letters (xx) for a recessive trait.
the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes that results in recombinant chromosomes during sexual reproduction. It is one of the final phases of genetic recombination, which occurs in prophase I of meiosis during a process called synapsis.
observable traits.
Down
alternative forms of a gene that code for the different variations of a specific trait.
organic molecules that are building blocks of DNA and RNA. Consists of a nitrogenous base, 5-carbon sugar and phosphate group.
Occurs if both parents are affected and an offspring is unaffected. All affected individuals must have at least one affected parent. If both parents are unaffected, all offspring must be unaffected.
a particular gene that has two different alleles (both dominant and recessive) on both homologous chromosomes. It is referred to by a capital and short letter (Bb).
similarity in internal or chromosomal structures. E.g. organs that have similar positions, structures, evolutionary origins or a pair of chromosomes having the same size, shape, banding pattern (if stained) and traits they code for.
genetic makeup.
an organized profile of a person's chromosomes. Two chromosomes specify sex, XX for female and XY for male. The rest are arranged in pairs, numbered 1 through 22, from largest to smallest.
consists of a length of DNA and influences a specific characteristic.