Tender greens that can be planted in the spring for harvest a few weeks later.
A sauce made by simmering dried fruits, such as apricots, currants, and raisins.
Rich in sugars, starches, vitamins, and minerals, these plants exist both above and below ground. A single root extends into the ground and provides nutrients to the leafy green part of the vegetable that is above the ground.
A sauce made from a purée of vegetables or fruits that can be served hot or cold.
Vegetables are grown indoors year-round, under regulated temperatures and light in nutrient-enriched water.
Help fruit to retain its structure (for example, lemon juice).
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)’s rating system based on quality standards. The better the quality, the higher the quality grade assigned to it. The quality is based on a combination of size, color, shape, texture, and defects.
Includes potatoes, sweet potatoes, and yams. Tubers are enlarged, bulbous roots capable of generating a new plant. Tubers are actually fat, underground stems.
Apples and citrus fruits, such as oranges, grapefruits, lemons, limes, and tangerines.
A natural form of sugar responsible for the sweetness of fruits.
Like blanching, parboiling partially cooks vegetables in boiling water.
A finishing technique that gives vegetables a glossy appearance by adding a small amount of honey, sugar, or maple syrup to the vegetable to coat it and give it a sheen as the vegetable reheats.
A large group of plants ranging from single-celled organisms to giant mushrooms.
Cause the cells to break down more quickly, making fruit soft (for example, baking soda).
Cutting a product into cubes with a chef ’s knife. Normally, dicing refers to about a half-inch cube—the same size as dice.
An organ that develops from the ovary of a flowering plant and contains one or more seeds.
Sticks or pieces of raw vegetables, often seasonal, usually served with a dipping sauce.