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Weathering (Ch2)

Name ____________________Date_________ HR____________
Across
_____ is a mixture of humus, clay and other minerals that form the crumbly, topmost layer of soil.
Materials that are full of tiny connected air spaces that water can seep through are called _______.
A process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands is called ice ________.
_______ have small lumps on their roots that contain nitrogen fixing bacteria.
The most important factors that determine the rate at which weathering occurs are the type of rock and the _________.
The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow is called _______.
When ______ dioxide from air dissolves in rain water, it produces a weak acid called carbonic acid.
The removal of rock particles by wind, water, ice or gravity.
_______ rain causes very rapid chemical weathering.
The grinding away of rock by other rock particles
The ______ ______ is the area of the Great Plains where wind erosion caused soil loss during the 1930's.
______ are soil organisms that break down the remains or organisms and digest them.
The _______ of soil is a measure of how well the soil supports plant growth.
The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces is called _______ weathering.
________ is a chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen.
The decayed organic material is soil is called _____.
The _____ of even small plants can pry apart cracked rocks.
Down
The layer of soil also called horizon B is the ______.
______ is the thick mass of grass roots and soil.
Earthworms and burrowing animals help to _____, or mix air into, the soil.
Chemical weathering occurs more quickly where the climate is both hot and ______.
_______ is the most important cause of chemical weathering.
When ______ combines with oxygen, the product is rust.
______ weathering can produce new minserals as it breaks down rock.
The loose layer of dead plant leaves and stems on the surface of the soil is called ______.
Conservation ______is a method in which the dead stalks from a previous year's crops are left in the ground to hold the soil in place.
Crop _______ is the planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soils fertility.
Plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent soil loss is called _____ plowing.
The solid layer of rock beneath the soil is the ________.
The process that breaks down rock and other substances on Earth's surface
______ do most of the work of mixing humus with other materials in the soil.
The smallest soil particles are ______.
Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt is called ______.