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UNIT 3 PART 2

Across
(Hox) Also known as homeobox genes, they are responsible for differentiating the specific segments of the body, such as the head, tail, and limbs, during embryological development.
Sequences of three nitrogen bases each in DNA, known as codons in mRNA.
Refers to the condition in which a pair of alleles at a single locus on homologous chromosomes are the same.
Biological changes that occur during an individual's lifetime, increasing the individual's fitness in the given environment.
Multicelled organisms that have a membrane-bound nucleus containing both the genetic material and specialized organelles.
Nucleotides (the basic building block of DNA and RNA) that are present in the nucleus and are used during DNA replication and mRNA synthesis.
The complete set of chromosomes for an organism or species that represents all the inheritable traits.
Rearrangements of chromosomes due to the insertion of genetic material from one chromosome to another.
Proteins that form an organism's physical attributes.
A genus of Miocene apes from Asia, likely ancestral to orangutans.
Refers to the presence of two or more separate phenotypes for a certain gene in the population.
Down
(PCR) A technique that amplifies a small sample of DNA into a larger amount that can be used for various genetic tests.
Proteins involved in the expression of control genes.
Those genes that determine when structural genes and other regulatory genes are turned on and off for protein synthesis.
Also known as a protein, a chain of amino acids held together by multiple peptide bonds.
The cell that results from a sperm's fertilization of an ovum.
(rRNA) A fundamental structural component of a ribosome.
Refers to the condition in which an additional chromosome exists with the homologous pair.
Refers to a mixture of more than one type of organellar DNA, such as mitochondrial DNA, within a cell or a single organism's body, usually due to the mutation of the DNA in some organelles but not in others.
One of four nitrogen bases that make up DNA and RNA; it pairs with cytosine.
The branch of genetics that studies species' genomes.
The proportion of phenotypic variation that is due to inheritance rather than to environmental influence.
An allele that is expressed in an organism's phenotype if two copies are present, but is masked if the dominant allele is present.
Refers to each set of paired chromosomes in the genome.
One of four nitrogen bases that make up RNA; it pairs with adenine.