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Chapter 2- Culture

Intro to Sociology- Henslin
T. Esguerra
Across
Norms that are not strictly enforced.
______ ______ refers to the norms and values that people actually follow; as opposed to ideal culture.
_____ _______ is the material objects that distinguish a group of people, such as their art, buildings, weapons, utensils, machines, hairstyles, clothing and jewelry.
A value, norm, or other cultural trait that is found in every group.
The standards by which people define what is desirable or undesirable, superior or inferior, good or bad, beautiful or ugly.
______ _______ refers to a people's ideal values and norms; the goals held out for them.
______ ______ is a reward or positive reaction for following norms, ranging from a smile to a material reward.
A system of symbols that can be combined in an infinite number of ways and can represent not only objects but also abstract thought.
___-_______ ______ refers to a group's ways of thinking and doing, also called symbolic culture.
________ _______ is an expression of disapproval for breaking a norm, ranging from a mild, informal reaction such as a frown or harsh words to a formal reaction such as a prison sentence.
_______ _______ is a society made up of many different groups.
A norm so strong that it brings extreme sanctions, even revulsion, if violated.
________ is the use of one's own culture as a yardstick for judging the ways of other individuals or societies, generally leading to a negative evaluation of their values, norms, & behaviors.
______ ______ refers to values that together form a larger whole.
Down
Expectations of "right" behavior.
A framework of thought in which human behavior is considered to be the result of natural selection and biological factors: a fundamental cause of human behavior.
_______ _______ refers to not judging a culture but trying to understand it on its own terms.
_______ ______ refers to values that contradict one another; to follow the one means to come into conflict with the other.
Something to which people attach meaning and then use to communicate with one another.
The disorientation that people experience when they come in contact with a fundamentally different culture and can no longer depend on their taken-for-granted assumptions about life.
Either expressions of approval given to people for following norms or expressions of disapproval for violating norms.
The ways in which people use their bodies to communicate with one another.
The language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors & material objects that characterize a group & are passed from one generation to the next.
Norms that are strictly enforced because they are thought essential to core values or the wellbeing of the group.