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Unit 3 Vocab

Across
Chemical reactions that do not require the presence of oxygen.
Molecule formed from the breaking off of a phosphate group for ATP; results in a release of energy that is used for biological reactions.
Molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of sunlight.
In cellular respiration, series of chemical reactions that break down glucose and produce ATP; energizes electron carriers that pass the energized electrons on to the electron transport chain.
Light-absorbing pigment in plants and some protists that is required for photosynthesis; absorbs most wavelengths of light except green.
Reaction taking place in the thylakoid membranes of a chloroplast during light-dependent reactions where two molecules of water are split to form oxygen, hydrogen ions, and electrons.
Phase of photosynthesis where energy from light-dependent reactions is used to produce glucose and additional ATP molecules.
Process by which autotrophs, such as algae and plants, trap energy from sunlight with chlorophyll and us this energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into simple sugars.
Chemical process where mitochondria break down food molecules to produce ATP; the three stages of this are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain,
Anaerobic process in which cells convert pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and ethyl alcohol; carried out by many bacteria and fungi such as yeast.
Down
A series of proteins embedded in a membrane along which energized electrons are transported; as electrons are passes from molecule to molecule, energy is released.
Electron carrier molecule; when carrying excited electrons it becomes NADPH.
Energy-storing molecule in cells composed of an adenosine molecule, a ribose sugar, and three phosphate groups; energy is stored in the molecule's chemical bonds and can be used quickly and easily by cells.
Series of reactions during the light-independent phase of photosynthesis in which simple sugars are formed from carbon dioxide using ATP and hydrogen from the light-dependent reactions.
In cellular respiration, series of anaerobic chemical reactions in the cytoplasm that breaks down glucose into pyruvic acid; forms a net profit of two ATP molecules.
Chemical reactions that require the presence of oxygen.