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Ch. 16 Vocabulary

Teacher: Robert M. Richardson - Law Education
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Across
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a preliminary examination of the validity of a youth's arrest, during which the state must prove that an offense was committed and that there is reasonable cause to believe the accused youth committed it. Decisions are made about further detention and legal representation, and a date is set for a hearing on the facts.
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a system of supervised freedom, usually by a probation officer, for persons convicted of a criminal offense. Typically, the probationee must agree to certain conditions such as getting a job, avoiding drugs, and not traveling outside a limited area.
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the procedure used to determine the facts in a juvenile case; similar to an adult trial, but generally closed to the public
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Latin for "parent of the country"; the doctrine that allows the government to take care of minors and others who cannot legally take care of themselves
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an illegal act that can only be committed by a juvenile (for example, truancy or running away from home)
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to file charges in a juvenile court proceeding
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a policy of releasing a mentally ill patient from a mental hospital into the community
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a person not yet considered an adult for the purpose of determining either criminal or civil liability; a minor
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a court proceeding for sentencing minors who have taken responsibility for their actions. The system aims to involve the community directly and to teach the young offenders the impact of their acts.
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requires certain offenses committed by juveniles to be prosecuted in adult court
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the equivalent of parole in the juvenile justice system. A juvenile is supervised and assisted by a parole officer or social worker.
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physical punishment, such as spanking or paddling
Down
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the informal process in which court officials or social workers decide if a complaint against a juvenile should be referred to juvenile court
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the procedure in which a judge decides what type of punishment or sentence a juvenile offender should receive
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a minor who has committed an act that, if committed by an adult, would be a crime under federal, state, or local law. Such offenders are usually processed through the juvenile justice system.
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minors who have been sexually, physically, or emotionally mistreated
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holding a person (such as a juvenile) against his or her will without bail until trial because of the likelihood that the individual will commit another crime
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gives prosecutors discretion to file charges against juveniles in adult criminal court
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the final sentence or result of a case
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to seal or destroy a criminal record. Some states allow the expungement of a juvenile record when the juvenile reaches a certain age.