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WORLD HISTORY CHAPTER 13 KEY TERMS

Across
the mystical expression of Islamic faith
a religiously infused conflict waged on behalf of Islam, or any struggle a Muslim undertakes in the name of Allah
the French name for the four Crusader States created after the First Crusade, the County of Edessa, the Principality of Antioch, the County of Tripoli, and the Kingdom of Jerusalem
the set of administrative structures associated with the government of the Catholic Church primarily—but not exclusively—linked with the city of Rome
a movement that aimed to limit the influence of aristocrats in church matters
a medieval economic system of agricultural production directed by a lord and carried out by serfs or other varieties of unfree laborers
members of the Byzantine elite who often compromised imperial authority
Down
the conflict that solidified the separation of the eastern and western Christian churches
a collection of practices that bound lesser lords to greater lords through land and privileges given in return for personal and military support
unfree peasants who owed labor to a feudal lord and lived under the lord’s authority
educated, formerly enslaved men who served as soldiers and administrators in Islamic societies beginning in the ninth century
a ruler who claims authority over the Islamic community but not necessarily the title of caliph
a code of ideal conduct meant to validate the practices of noble warriors by Christianizing knightly violence and behavior