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Week 4: Laboratory Diagnostics

Across
Urine specific gravity ranges from 1.008-1.012, specific gravity and osmolality is the same to that of the patient’s plasma and glomerular filtrate
Production via the liver and excretion via the kidneys does not occur at the same rate. Some of this is reabsorbed by the renal tubules following filtration
Type of cast seen in urine sediment
The most commonly seen acid base disturbance in patients with acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease (9,8)
Coffin shaped crystals
The decanted material from a urine sample prior to performing a urinary sediment examination
Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals form following ingestion of this toxin (8,6)
The presence of these acid bodies in a patient’s urine in conjunction with hyperglycaemia is suggestive of an uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
Inaccurate reagent square on a urine dipstick, and is excluded from interpretation
Down
The presence of proteins in urine including: albumin, globulin and Bence Jones
A more recently identified renal biomarker used in veterinary medicine to determine stage of chronic kidney disease (abbreviation)
Electrolyte abnormality typically seen in a patient with a post renal azotaemia secondary to a urinary obstruction
Type of protein detected by a urine dipstick
The preferred technique for obtaining a urine sample for urinalysis with culture
Measures the solute concentration in the urine and is used to assess tubular function (abbreviation)
Urinary crystal that can be observed in the healthy Dalmatian or English Bulldog (8,7)
Produced at constant rate from degradation of phosphocreatine in muscle and is freely filtered by glomerulus and not reabsorbed by the renal tubules
Trace levels of this product in canine urine is reported as normal and should be negative in feline patients. The presence of this in feline urine warrants further clinical investigations
A common clinical finding associated with a protein losing disease such as protein losing nephropathy causing proteinuria