(ARs) are a type of nuclear receptor that is activated by binding any of the androgenic hormones, including testosterone and dihydrotestosterone
_____________ declines during caloric shortage. It is the major female sex hormone. It is involved in the regulation of female reproductive cycles, the development of female secondary sexual characteristics and the development and maintenance of female reproductive tissues.
The timing of menarche is influenced by female biology, as well as genetic and environmental factors, especially nutritional factors.
Changes in _______________ predicted diurnal changes in attractiveness. __________________ is the primary male sex hormone and androgen in males. In humans, testosterone plays a key role in the development of male reproductive tissues such as testicles and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics such as increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. It is associated with increased aggression, sex drive, dominance, courtship display, and a wide range of behavioral characteristics.
These levels peak during orgasm and induce peristaltic contractions of the uterus and oviducts which help transport sperm toward the ovum. Increases in this peptide hormone/neuropeptide predicted more affectionate contact with offspring.
is the biological development of adult male characteristics in young males or females. Most of the changes are produced by androgens.
compared to most female primates, women's observable phenotypes are less tethered to cyclic fluctuations in _____________.
diet, physical challenge, relationship status, sexual behavior, and stress are all examples of this type of hormonal changes.
the proportion of individuals experiencing attraction to women.
Hormones orchestrate and coordinate human female sexual development, ________________, and reproduction in relation to three types of phenotypic changes (life history transitions, responses to contextual factors, and cyclical patterns). The distinctive aspects of
women's ________________ such as the possession of sexual ornaments, relatively cryptic fertile windows extended sexual behavior across the ovulatory cycle, and a period of midlife reproductive senescence are discussed in this article.
circadian and ovulatory are an example of this type of hormonal changes.