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Weathering and soil

Across
The planting of different crops in a field each year to maintain the soil's fertility.
Characteristic of a material that contains connected air spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily.
Dark-colored organic material in soil.
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes.
The chemical and physical processes that break down rock and other substances.
The layer of soil below topsoil that has less plant and animal matter than topsoil and contains mostly clay and other minerals.
The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces.
The management of soil to limit its destruction.
A measure of how well soil supports plant growth.
The process by which water, ice, wind, or gravity moves weathered particles of rock and soil.
Down
The crumbly, topmost layer of soil made up of clay and other minerals and humus.
A range of values used to indicate how acidic or basic a substance is; expresses the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.
An organism that gets energy by breaking down biotic wastes and dead organisms, and returns raw materials to the soil and water.
The practice of using less of a resource so that it can last longer.
Anything naturally occuring in the environment that humans use.
The geologic principle that the same geologic processes that operate today operated in the past to change Earth's surface.
Rich, fertile soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt.
Plowing fields along the curves of a slope to prevent oil loss.
Process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks, then freezes and expands.
The loose, weathered material on Earth's surface in which plants can grow.
The grinding away of rock by other rock particles carried in water, ice, or wind.
A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust.
Rock that makes up Earth's crust; also the solid rock layer beneath the soil.