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Tort Law Chs. 14, 15, 16 (Fall 23)

Across
Under the collateral ___ rule, the tortfeasor is prevented from benefiting from insurance protection the plaintiff has obtained.
Proponents of tort reform argue that increased tort liability has increased the practice of ___ medicine.
Tort reform ___ does not necessarily prevent runaway verdicts.
______ liability is the doctrine under which one individual is held liable for the tortious acts of another.
If a loss caused by joint tortfeasors is indivisible, or cannot be apportioned among the defendants, the joint tortfeasors bear ___ ___ ____ liability.
Under the rule of joint and several liability, each joint ___ can be held responsible for the entire harm or any designated portion of the harm, and the plaintiff may recover from one or all of the joint tortfeasors, though limited in total recovery by the total amount of damages.
Dr. John ___ attributes the decline in jury verdicts to jurors' awareness of the effects that large awards in automobile cases can have on their insurance premiums.
A joint tortfeasor who agrees to ___ another joint tortfeasor accepts all financial responsibility on behalf of that tortfeasor.
Whether one is considered an independent contractor or an employee for the purpose of determining whether vicarious liability applies usually comes down to a question of the level of ______ the employer has over the work of person in question.
The goal of reformers in the Progressive Era was to create rules in the tort system that favor ___.
As a general rule, with some exceptions, one is not vicariously liable for the tortious ____ of an independent contractor.
Tort __ claim that Americans are too litigious.
Those who argue that the tort system is too ___-oriented point to the expansion of strict liability and the adoption of comparative negligence.
Down
The concept of respondeat superior applies to negligent torts, intentional torts, and strict liability claims. The employee must be acting within the _____ and in furtherance of their employment for the employer to be vicariously liable for their actions.
The doctrine of ______ superior makes an employer vicariously liable for the tortious conduct of its employees.
Litigation rates are not significantly ___ in the US than they are in other industrialized countries.
The goal of classical reformers was to create rules in the tort system that favored ___.
___ to the general rule that one who hires an independent contractor is not liable for their torts include: an employer who is negligent in dealing with an independent contractor (failure to hire a reputable one or failure to inspect their work); delegation of a nondelegable duty; contracting for the performance of an illegal activity; hiring independent contractors to carry out activities that involve risks requiring more than ordinary precautions, where those risks are recognizable in advance.
Where there is joint and several liability, a defendant who pays more than his pro rata share of damages is entitled to _____, or partial reimbursement, from other defendants.
___ tortfeasors are two or more persons who act in concert to produce a negligent or intentional tort.
An employer can even be vicariously liable for an action that they have specifically ____ the employee from engaging in, if that action was done within the scope and in furtherance of the employment.
Tort law exposes incompetence, corruption, and other forms of ___.
Personal injury claims have experienced little or no ___ since 1986.
Parents can be held liable for the intentional torts of their children under statutes that impute liability to the parents under a theory of ______ supervision.
Dr. John Hasnas believes that we are better off with the dynamic but imperfect system of the ___ law.