LA MEMBRANA CELULAR Y TRANSPORTE A TRAVÉS DE LA MEMBRANA
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Across
Es el mecanismo por el cual las macromoléculas contenidas en
vesículas citoplasmáticas son transportadas desde el interior
celular hasta la membrana plasmática, para ser vertidas al medio
extracelular.
factor que afecta la fluidez de la membrana.
fosfolípido que predomina en las membranas biológicas.
clase de permeasa que lleva un soluto por vez (monotransporte).
es el proceso celular, por el que la célula mueve hacia su
interior moléculas grandes (macromoléculas) o partículas, englobándolas
en una invaginación de su membrana citoplasmática, formando una
vesícula que luego se desprende de la pared celular e incorpora al
citoplasma.
fenómeno que ocurre cuando una célula se hincha debido a la presión ejercida por los fluidos y por el contenido celular sobre las paredes de la célula.
Permite el transporte de pequeñas moléculas
polares, como los aminoácidos,
monosacáridos, etc.
actúa como una
barrera que separa dos medios acuosos, el medio
donde vive la célula y el medio interno celular.
se realiza desde un alto potencial de agua a un bajo potencial.
forman una bicapa aceitosa que sirve de barrera contra las sustancias hidrosolubles.
Clase de permeasa que transporta el soluto y co-transporta otro al mismo tiempo y en la misma dirección(cotransporte).
fosfolípido doble que contiene la membrana interna de la mitocondria.
limita y protege el medio interno del externo.
es un componente cuantitativamente importante en las membranas celulares, especialmente en la membrana plasmática, varía de acuerdo al tipo de membrana.
Down
solución con la menor concentración.
Son proteínas con un poro o canal interno, cuya apertura está
regulada por un ligando como ocurre con neurotransmisores u
hormonas, que se unen a una determinada región.
se clasifican en integrales y periféricas.
son los componentes más abundantes de la membrana celular.
se clasifican en cerebrósidos y gangliósidos.
contienen oligosacáridos o polisacáridos.
la célula pierde agua y disminuye su volumen.
soluciones de concentración de soluto igual.
Clase de permeasa que transporta soluto hacia el interior
(o exterior) y co- transporta soluto en la
dirección opuesta. Uno entra y el otro sale (contratransporte).
solución con la mayor concentración de soluto.
es una proteína transmembranal, encargada de
transportar el agua a través de los compartimientos celulares.
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