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Unit 1 Vocabulary

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Across
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either a single-stranded chromosome or one half of a duplicated (double-stranded) chromosome
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the building blocks of nucleic acids, like DNA and RNA
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the jelly-like substance that fills a cell
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monomers (small molecules) that make up proteins
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(in biology) A mutation in which one or more nucleotides are deleted (removed) from a DNA sequence
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a long chain of amino acids connected (joined) together
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the process (series of actions) in which a cell grows, prepares to divide (gets ready to split), and finally divides (splits) into two daughter cells
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a type of protein that separates (pulls apart) the two strands of DNA
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a mistake or change in an organism’s DNA sequence (order)
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a nucleic acid (a type of macromolecule) that carries the instructions for a certain protein to a ribosome in the cell’s cytoplasm
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molecules that do most of the work in cells and are made of folded polypeptides (long chains of amino acids)
Down
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a pair of two nucleotides in DNA that match up with each other
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a section of DNA that determines (decides) an organism's traits (characteristics)
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(in biology) a mutation in which one or more nucleotides are added to a DNA sequence
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a mixture of DNA and proteins located in the nucleus of a cell
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small structures in the nucleus of a cell that are made of tightly-wrapped DNA
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very small pieces of matter made of two or more atoms connected together (matter is anything that takes up space and has mass)
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a nucleic acid (a type of macromolecule) that has all the information about how organisms (living things) look, develop (grow), and function (act)
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the part of a cell where proteins are created (made)
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a group of three nucleotides in a row on an mRNA molecule