to "pat down" or search the outer clothing of someone whom the police believe is acting suspiciously
a state of drunkenness or similar condition created by the use of drugs or alcohol
the requirement that to have an issue decided in one party's favor, the party must show that a certain amount of the weight of the evidence is on his or her side. In a civil case, the plaintiff must prevail by a preponderance of the evidence. In a criminal case, the state must prove its case beyond a reasonable doubt.
a paper signed by a judge authorizing some action, such as an arrest or search and seizure
a verdict that allows convicted criminal defendants to be sent to a hospital and later transferred to a prison after recovery from mental illness
a Latin word meaning "elsewhere;" an excuse or plea that a person was somewhere else at the time a crime was committed
a legal rule that generally prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence against the defendant at trial; generally applies to violations of a defendant's Fourth, Fifth, or Sixth Amendment rights
questioning by law enforcement officers after a person has been taken into custody or otherwise deprived of his or her freedom of action
a court-ordered document authorizing the police to arrest an individual on a specific charge
using commonly held notions of what typical drug couriers look and act like in order to be able to question a person without establishing individualized suspicion
defense raised by a criminal defendant stating that because of mental disease or defect, the defendant should not be held responsible for the crime committed
the inappropriate use of race as a factor in identifying people who may break or who may have broken the law
a denial, answer, or plea by a defendant, disputing the correctness of charges against the defendant
giving evidence and answering questions that would tend to subject one to criminal prosecution