This is the lowest layer of the atmosphere, closest to earth's surface and where weather conditions exist. It contains almost 80% of the total mass, making it the densest.
The movement of air over short distances and can blow in any direction.
The total kinetic energy of particles.
Occurs when trade winds of both hemispheres meet in a calm area around the equator, giving off warm, less dense air, in an area of low pressure.
The increase in volume that results from an increase in temperature.
The atmosphere us held around Earth by gravity. Gravity pulls gas molecules in teh atmosphere toward Earth's surface, causing this. It is the measure of the force with which air molecules push on an area of a surface.
The transfer of energy from one object to another through direct contact. The greater the difference in energy of the particles, the faster the transfer of energy.
The transfer of energy due to movement of matter. Warm matter rises, cooler water sinks.
Narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow from west to east, between 7 to 16km above earth's surface.
This layer lies between mesophere and troposphere. It contains the Ozone layer which absorbs ultraviolet radiation from the sun, warming the air. Gases are layered and generally do not mix.
These winds blow between 30 degrees latitude and the equator in both hemispheres. Sailors relied on them to sail from Europe to the Americas.
Sits in the Stratophere, 15-40km above earth's surface. It absorbs most of the solar radiation and is made up of 3 atoms of oxygen
The layer between thermosphere and stratosphere. Temp decreases as altitude increases. Temps can be as low as -120 C. Meteoroids begin to burn up in this layer.
The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure. The greater the differences in air pressure, the faster the air moves.
The energy that is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures.